Hello, everyone this Thinking Activity on Trends and Movements task was assigned by Yesha Bhatt Ma'am Department of English MKBU. In this task, we have to write down all the movements/trends.
Introduction and History of the 20th century
The 20th century in English literature was marked by a number of significant movements and trends, including modernism, post-modernism, and the emergence of new forms of literature such as the novel and the short story.
One of the most important figures in 20th-century literature is James Joyce, who is known for his innovative use of language and experimental techniques in works such as "Ulysses" and "Finnegans Wake." Other notable modernist writers include Virginia Woolf, T.S. Eliot, and Samuel Beckett.
After World War II, a new movement known as post-modernism emerged in literature, which rejected many of the traditional conventions of modernism and focused on the use of irony, parody, and pastiche. Some of the most famous post-modernist writers include John Barth, Thomas Pynchon, and Don DeLillo. In addition to these movements, the 20th century also saw the emergence of new forms of literature such as the graphic novel, which combines elements of traditional storytelling with visual artwork. Some of the most well-known graphic novels of the 20th century include Art Spiegelman's "Maus" and Alan Moore's "Watchmen." The 20th century was a period of great innovation and experimentation in English literature, and many of the writers and works from this period continue to be widely read and studied today.
Poetic Movements
In this Movement, there were many parts of This movement.
Dadaism
Surrealism
Expressionism
Symbolism
Imagism
Surrealism
Surrealism is more than an artistic style—it’s an artistic movement.
Surrealism was an artistic and literary movement that emerged in the 1920s and was characterized by the use of irrational and dream-like elements in order to explore the unconscious mind. Surrealist artists and writers sought to challenge traditional notions of reality and create works that were imaginative and unexpected. The movement was founded by a group of artists and writers in Paris, including André Breton, who wrote the Surrealist Manifesto in 1924. Surrealist works often featured strange, dream-like imagery and explored themes of desire, the unconscious, and the irrational.
Surrealist techniques such as automatic writing, in which the writer allows their pen to move freely across the page without conscious control, were used to tap into the unconscious mind and create works that were free from the constraints of traditional forms. Surrealist ideas and techniques had a significant influence on many other artistic and literary movements, and continue to be an important part of the cultural landscape today. Salvador Dalí is one of the first names that comes to mind when discussing Surrealist artists. Like many Surrealists, Dalí utilized various mediums to create his iconic dreamlike, hallucinatory visuals including etching, lithography, and painting. Some of the most famous surrealist works include Salvador Dali's painting "The Persistence of Memory" and André Breton's novel "Nadja. Surrealist artists—like Joan Miró, Salvador Dalí, Pablo Picasso, or Michael Cheval, among many others—seek to explore the unconscious mind as a way of creating art, resulting in dreamlike, sometimes bizarre imagery across endless mediums. The core of Surrealism is a focus on illustrating the mind’s deepest thoughts automatically when they surface. This thought process for creating art is known as “automatism.”
Another notable name, once described by Breton as “the most Surrealist of us all,” is Joan Miró. Though Miró did not proclaim himself a Surrealist, he was undoubtedly influenced by the movement in much of his work. Miró was famous for his works across numerous mediums, drawing inspiration from Catalan folk art and the art of children. He emphasized vibrant colors and obscure shapes to invoke emotion and wonder in his audience.
These are all pictures Drawn by my Classmates We have done a Class activity On Surrealism. This activity was given by Yasha Ma'am.
This is My work on the Surrealism activity. I created the female Monster.
Dadaism
Dadaism was an artistic and literary movement that emerged in the early 20th century in reaction to World War I and the cultural and social values that the war was fought for. Dadaists rejected traditional aesthetic values and sought to challenge and subvert the dominant cultural and political systems of the time.
The Dada movement was founded by a group of artists and writers in Zurich, Switzerland in 1916, and quickly spread to other cities including Berlin, Paris, and New York. Dadaists used a variety of techniques and media, including performance art, collage, and readymades (found objects presented as works of art), to create works that were intended to shock and challenge the viewer.
Dadaist works often featured absurd and irrational elements, and the movement is known for its use of satire and ridicule to subvert traditional values and beliefs. Some of the most famous Dadaist works include Marcel Duchamp's "Fountain" (a urinal presented as a work of art) and Tristan Tzara's "Dada Manifesto."
Though the Dada movement was short-lived, it had a significant influence on other artistic and literary movements, including Surrealism, and continues to be an important part of the cultural landscape today.
Examples of Famous Dada Art
The movement has brought many famous artworks. Here are a selected few examples of dadaism art:
Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain (1917)
Marcel Duchamp’s Bicycle Wheel (1913)
Man Ray’s Ingres’s Violin (1924)
Hugo Ball’s Sound Poem Karawane (1916)
Raoul Hausmann’s Mechanical Head (The Spirit of our Time) (1920)
Hannah Höch’s Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the Last Weimar Beer Belly Cultural Epoch of Germany (1919)
This Dadaism picture was created by me for the class activity which was given by Yesha ma'am. In this video, I created pictures, not poetry. Poetry is also part of Dadaism.
Expressionism was an artistic and literary movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by the use of distorted and exaggerated forms and colors in order to express strong emotions and ideas. Expressionist artists and writers sought to convey their innermost feelings and experiences, often in response to the political and social upheaval of the time.
The Expressionist movement originated in Germany and Austria and was initially focused on visual arts, but soon spread to other forms of art including literature and theatre. Expressionist works often feature strong, bold colors and forms, and seek to evoke strong emotional responses in the viewer.
Expressionist writers and playwrights often used unconventional techniques such as stream-of-consciousness and the use of symbolic language to convey their ideas and emotions. Some of the most famous Expressionist works include the plays of Bertolt Brecht and the paintings of Edvard Munch.
Though the Expressionist movement was largely centered in Germany and Austria, it had a significant influence on other artistic movements around the world and continues to be an important part of the cultural landscape today.
Famous Expressionist Artists
Max Beckman - Beckman was a German painter who was against the Expressionist movement. However, many of his paintings are described as Expressionist.
James Ensor - A Dutch painter who had a great influence on the Expressionist movement in Germany.
Oskar Kokoschka - An Austrian artist whose artwork was displayed in the German magazine The Storm when Expressionism became a true art movement.
August Macke - A leading member of the Expressionist group The Blue Rider in Germany, he also painted some Abstract Art.
Franz Marc - A founding member of The Blue Rider group, Franz Marc was one of the leaders in the Expressionist movement.
Edvard Munch - A Symbolist and Expressionist, Munch is best known for his famous painting The Scream.
Egon Schiele - An early adopter of Expressionism, Egon died at the young age of 28.
Edvard Munch is regarded as one of the most significant and influential artists of modernism. He was part of the Symbolist movement and pioneered expressionist painting. He was influenced by impressionists and post-impressionists in Paris such as Claude Monet, Vincent van Gogh, and Paul Gauguin. His career lasted nearly 60 years and produced numerous modern masterpieces.
This picture was part of our class activity Based on Expressionism.
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